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1 _UID D5F966D726024364B68EBB2C879C91F8B140
1 _UID FE70C1F177C5A7409854D6AC4D61DF93D120
Governor of South Carolina 1830 - 1832 Political Party: Democrat-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Born: May 8, 1786 inCharleston, SC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- EducationStudied law in Charleston, SC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Occupations Major, UnitedStates Army Planter Lawyer -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Died: November 15, 1857 in theGulf of Mexico -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Buried:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Major Events andAccomplishments - 1830-1832 The US Congress passed the Tariff of 1832 -1832 Governor Hamilton presided over the convention that passedtheOrdinanceofNullification - 1832-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other GovernmentPositions South Carolina House of Representatives - 1820-1822 US House ofRepresentatives - 1822-1829 South Carolina Senate - 1836-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Accomplishments,Honors, Distinctions, etc. Hamilton declined an offer from PresidentAndrew Jackson tobecomeUnitedStates Secretary of War. Hamilton helpedfound the Southern Quarterly Review. The Republic of Texas honoredHamilton with the title 'perpetualcitizenofthe Republic of Texas' - 1835Hamilton died in a shipwreck in the Gulf of Mexico - 1857-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Web ResourcesBiographical information - US Congress-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Election Results Election- December 9, 1830 Hamilton was elected by the South Carolina GeneralAssemblybysecretballot.
HAMILTON, James, Jr., 1786-1857
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HAMILTON, James, Jr., aRepresentative from South Carolina;borninCharleston, S.C., May 8, 1786;completed academic studies;studiedlaw;was admitted to the bar andcommenced practice in Charleston;servedinthe War of 1812 as major; mayorof Charleston; member of theStatehouseof representatives, 1819-1823;elected to the SeventeenthCongresstofill the vacancy caused by theresignation of WilliamLowndes;reelectedto the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, andTwentieth Congressesandserved fromDecember 13, 1822, to March 3, 1829;chairman, CommitteeonMilitaryAffairs (Eighteenth through TwentiethCongresses); GovernorofSouthCarolina 1830-1832; moved to Texas; appointeddiplomatic agentoftheRepublic of Texas to France, Great Britain, BelgiumandtheNetherlandsin 1839; was drowned on November 15, 1857, while onhiswayfrom NewOrleans to Galveston.
Bibliography
DAB; Glenn, Virginia L. SJames Hamilton, Jr., ofSouthCarolina:ABiography.T Ph.D. dissertation, University of NorthCarolinaatChapelHill, 1964; Kell, Carl Lewis. SA Rhetorical HistoryofJamesHamilton,Jr.: The Nullification Era in SouthCarolina,1816-1834.TPh.D.dissertation, University of Kansas, 1971.
James Hamilton, 1786-1857 James Hamilton was born in Charleston, SouthCarolina on May 8,1786,theson of Major James and Elizabeth Hamilton.Hamilton studiedlawinCharleston and was admitted to the bar in 1810. Heserved asSecretarytoSouth Carolina Governor Henry Middleton until the Warof 1812,whenhevolunteered to fight.
After the War of 1812, Hamilton became increasinglyinvolvedinSouthCarolina politics. He served in the state Lower HouseofLegislaturefrom1819-1822. Hamilton first gained national recognitionforhis role inthesuppression of the Denmark Vesey slave revolt in1822.HerepresentedSouth Carolina in the U.S. Congress from 1822-1829.WhileinWashington,D. C., Hamilton was very active in affairsofnationalgovernment. Hebecame well known as an advocate of state'srights.
In 1830, Hamilton was elected Governor of SouthCarolina.Uponhisretirement from the governorship, he was placed incommand ofthestate'sarmy as brigadier general. In 1855, Hamilton moved toTexas(hewas astrong advocate of Texas statehood), where he was givenalargelandgrant. James Hamilton drowned in the Gulf of Mexico in 1857.
HAMILTON, JAMES (1786-1857). James Hamilton, governor ofSouthCarolinaanda financial agent of the Republic of Texas,qv son ofJamesandElizabeth(Lynch) Hamilton, was born in Charleston, SouthCarolina,onMay 8, 1786,and educated in New England. He was a lawyerinCharlestonand for severalyears served as mayor of that city. He becameamember ofCongress in 1822and served until 1829. In 1830 he waselectedgovernorof South Carolinaand became a leader in theNullificationmovement.
Although still a resident of South Carolina in 1836, he wonmanyadmirersinTexas due to his support for Texas independence. Becauseofthis hewasoffered command of the Texas army in late 1836, buthedeclined forpersonalreasons. He later offered his services tonegotiatea loan forthefinancially pressed republic and was appointedloancommissionerbyPresident Mirabeau B. Lamar.qv Hamilton immediatelymetwith theTexasCongress to secure passage of legislation strengtheningthepubliccreditof Texas and improving prospects for a loan. Hethenborrowed$457,380from the Bank of the United States in Philadelphia.Whenfurtherattemptsto borrow in the United States failed, he turnedtoEurope.
Because he believed that stable and peacefulinternationalrelationswereessential to the success of Texas, he stronglyadvocatedandworkedtoward diplomatic recognition by European powers andpeacewithMexico.France seemed to offer the best hope for a sizable loan,andsoHamiltonworked with the Texas minister to that country,J.PinckneyHenderson,qvin negotiating a commercial treaty. His efforttoobtain a $5millionloan from interests in France was on the vergeofsuccess when theFrenchgovernment withdrew its support and thedealcollapsed. Hamiltonhad beencultivating Great Britain and Holland andhadgaineddiplomaticrecognition from these two countries but no directfunds.Hethen made atentative agreement with Belgium and returned toTexastopromote it.
He arrived in Texas to find that Sam Houstonqv hadreplacedLamaraspresident and repealed all laws relating to the EuropeanloaninJanuary1842. Hamilton's services had been terminated, andalthoughhehadlabored for several years at his own expense, he wasunabletocollectmoney owed him by Texas. Drained financially, hereturnedtoSouthCarolina in March. In late 1843 he attempted tosecureappointmentto acollectorship at Sabine. In 1855 he finally movedtoTexas, where heheldland grants in Nacogdoches, Milam, andHarriscounties. In 1857hetraveled to Washington but quickly decided toreturnwhen hereceivedword that Texas was ready to negotiate a settlementon thefundshe wasowed. En route, in mid-November or early December, hisshipwasrammed inthe Gulf of Mexico. He drowned after giving up hischanceforsafety to awoman and her child.
BIBLIOGRAPHY: James M. Day, comp., The TexasAlmanac,1857-1873:ACompendium of Texas History (Waco: Texian Press,1967).JosephWilliamSchmitz, Texan Statecraft, 1836-1845 (San Antonio:Naylor,1941).StanleySiegel, A Political History of the TexasRepublic(Austin:University ofTexas Press, 1956).
Charles W. Brown
The first Hamilton County in Texas to be named in honorofGen.JamesHamilton was created by the Sixth Congress of the RepublicofTexason 2February, 1842, when Montgomery and HoustonCountiesweredivided,creating two new counties for 'judicial and otherpurposes'.Onlya fewweeks later, the Spring, 1842, session of the SupremeCourtofTexasdeclared the act creating the two new countieswasunconstitutional.
General Hamilton, an orator, statesman, and formergovernorofSouthCarolina became a benefactor to the Republic ofTexas.JamesHamiltonsacrificed much of his personal fortune ($210,000 ingold)inbusinessrelated to the welfare of the State of Texas. He was onhiswayback toTexas to collect some of the debt due him when he diedinashipwrecknear the port of Galveston on 15 Nov., 1857.ThegallantHamilton gavehis life preserver to a woman and her child. Tohonorhim,his name wasbestowed upon a new county created in the nextmeeting oftheStateLegislature -- thus creating the second Hamilton Countyin Texas.
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Thomas
Schäfer
